Konfigurasi voIP Voice dan data di Cisco Packet Tracer

Assalam'mualaikum wr.wb

Pengertian

Voice over Internet Protocol ( Voice over IP , VoIP dan IP telephony ) adalah metodologi dan kelompok teknologi untuk penyampaian komunikasi suara dan sesi multimedia melalui jaringan Internet Protocol (IP), seperti Internet . Istilah telepon Internet , telepon broadband , dan layanan telepon broadband secara khusus mengacu pada penyediaan layanan komunikasi (voice, fax , SMS , pesan suara) melalui Internet publik, bukan melalui jaringan telepon umum.


Latar belakang

Latar belakang saya membuat simulasi layanan voip ini untuk memberikan gambaran bagaimana topologi layanan VoIP, kemudian memberikan gambaran bagaimana alur layanan VoIP yang terjadi dan lebih memahami apa itu VoIP yang menggunakan berbeda vlan, yang dimana 1 vlan untuk Server, IP Phone(transmisi voice) dan PC/Laptop(transmisi data)


Tujuan 

Membuat simulasi Voip pada cisco packet tracer supaya mengerti alur kerja pada sebuah Voip di prangkat cisco

Alat dan bahan
Cisco packet tarcer
- Router 2811
- Switch 2960
- IP Phone 7960
- Laptop dan PC

Topologi

Setting Router agar Aktif.

Router>en
Router#conf t
Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z.
Router(config)#int f0/0
Router(config-if)#no sh

Router(config-if)#
%LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface FastEthernet0/0, changed state to up

%LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface FastEthernet0/0, changed state to up

Router(config-if)#ex

Setting Switch agar terhubung ke Router dan sesama Switch0 dan Switch1

Switch>en
Switch#conf t
Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z.
Switch(config)#int f0/1
Switch(config-if)#sw mo trunk

Switch(config-if)#
%LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface FastEthernet0/1, changed state to down

%LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface FastEthernet0/1, changed state to up

Switch(config-if)#int f0/24
Switch(config-if)#sw mo trunk

Switch(config-if)#
%LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface FastEthernet0/24, changed state to down

%LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface FastEthernet0/24, changed state to up

Switch(config-if)#ex

Buat Vlan di Switch ( Vlan 50 Data, Vlan 60 Voice,Vlan 70 Native).

Switch0

Switch(config)#vlan 50
Switch(config-vlan)#name data
Switch(config-vlan)#vlan 60
Switch(config-vlan)#name voice
Switch(config-vlan)#vlan 70
Switch(config-vlan)#name native
Switch(config-vlan)#ex

Switch1

Switch1 Switch(config)#vlan 50

Switch(config-vlan)#name data
Switch(config-vlan)#vlan 60
Switch(config-vlan)#name voice
Switch(config-vlan)#vlan 70
Switch(config-vlan)#name native
Switch(config-vlan)#ex

Setting Vlan Interfaces Access.

Switch0

Switch(config)#int range f0/2-5
Switch(config-if-range)#sw mo acc
Switch(config-if-range)#sw acc vlan 50
Switch(config-if-range)#sw voice vlan 60
Switch(config-if-range)#ex
Switch(config)#

 Switch1
Switch(config)#int range f0/2-5
Switch(config-if-range)#sw mo acc
Switch(config-if-range)#sw acc vlan 50
Switch(config-if-range)#sw voice vlan 60
Switch(config-if-range)#ex
Switch(config)#

Setting DHCP di Router.

Router(config)#ip dhcp excluded-address 192.168.10.1
Router(config)#ip dhcp excluded-address 192.168.20.1
Router(config)#ip dhcp pool data
Router(dhcp-config)#net 192.168.10.0 255.255.255.0
Router(dhcp-config)#def 192.168.10.1
Router(dhcp-config)#ex
Router(config)#ip dhcp pool voice
Router(dhcp-config)#net 192.168.20.0 255.255.255.0
Router(dhcp-config)#def 192.168.20.1
Router(dhcp-config)#op 150 ip 192.168.20.1
Router(dhcp-config)#ex

Memberikan alokasi IP address untuk masing-masing VLAN.

Router(config)#int f0/0.50
Router(config-subif)#
%LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface FastEthernet0/0.50, changed state to up

%LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface FastEthernet0/0.50, changed state to up

Router(config-subif)#description untuk-data
Router(config-subif)#encap dot1q 50
Router(config-subif)#ip add 192.168.10.1 255.255.255.0
Router(config-subif)#ex
Router(config)#
Router(config)#int f0/0.60
Router(config-subif)#
%LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface FastEthernet0/0.60, changed state to up

%LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface FastEthernet0/0.60, changed state to up

Router(config-subif)#description untuk-voice
Router(config-subif)#encap dot1q 60
Router(config-subif)#ip add 192.168.20.1 255.255.255.0
Router(config-subif)#ex
Router(config)#
Router(config)#int f0/0.70
Router(config-subif)#
%LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface FastEthernet0/0.70, changed state to up

%LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface FastEthernet0/0.70, changed state to up

Router(config-subif)#encap dot1q 70
Router(config-subif)#description native

Router(config-subif)#ex

Setting Telephony Service.

Router(config)#telephony-service
Router(config-telephony)#max-ephones 8
Router(config-telephony)#max-dn 8
Router(config-telephony)#ip source-address 192.168.20.1 port 2000

Router(config-telephony)#ex

Jika sudah di langkah atas, Kita lanjutkan dengan menambahkan nomer IP-Phone nya (ephone-dn 1-berapa kalian akan menggunakan IP-Phonenya.

Router(config)#ephone-dn 1

Router(config-ephone-dn)#%LINK-3-UPDOWN: Interface ephone_dsp DN 1.1, changed state to up

Router(config-ephone-dn)#number 10000
Router(config-ephone-dn)#ephone-dn 2
Router(config-ephone-dn)#%LINK-3-UPDOWN: Interface ephone_dsp DN 2.1, changed state to up

Router(config-ephone-dn)#number 20000
Router(config-ephone-dn)#ephone-dn 3
Router(config-ephone-dn)#%LINK-3-UPDOWN: Interface ephone_dsp DN 3.1, changed state to up

Router(config-ephone-dn)#number 30000
Router(config-ephone-dn)#ephone-dn 4
Router(config-ephone-dn)#%LINK-3-UPDOWN: Interface ephone_dsp DN 4.1, changed state to up

Router(config-ephone-dn)#number 40000
Router(config-ephone-dn)#ephone-dn 5
Router(config-ephone-dn)#%LINK-3-UPDOWN: Interface ephone_dsp DN 5.1, changed state to up

Router(config-ephone-dn)#number 50000
Router(config-ephone-dn)#ephone-dn 6
Router(config-ephone-dn)#%LINK-3-UPDOWN: Interface ephone_dsp DN 6.1, changed state to up

Router(config-ephone-dn)#number 60000
Router(config-ephone-dn)#ephone-dn 7
Router(config-ephone-dn)#%LINK-3-UPDOWN: Interface ephone_dsp DN 7.1, changed state to up

Router(config-ephone-dn)#number 70000
Router(config-ephone-dn)#ephone-dn 8
Router(config-ephone-dn)#%LINK-3-UPDOWN: Interface ephone_dsp DN 8.1, changed state to up

Router(config-ephone-dn)#number 80000

Router(config-ephone-dn)#ex

Kita aktifkan terlebih dahulu semua IP-Phone nya dari IP-Phone 1 sampai IP-phone 2.

Selanjutnya kita tambahkan Type IP-Phone nya.

Router(config)#ephone 1
Router(config-ephone)#type 7960
Router(config-ephone)#button 1:1
Router(config-ephone)#
%IPPHONE-6-REGISTER: ephone-1 IP:192.168.20.4 Socket:2 DeviceType:Phone has registered.

Router(config-ephone)#ephone 2
Router(config-ephone)#button 1:2
Router(config-ephone)#type 7960
Router(config-ephone)#
%IPPHONE-6-REGISTER: ephone-2 IP:192.168.20.3 Socket:2 DeviceType:Phone has registered.

Router(config-ephone)#ephone 3
Router(config-ephone)#type 7960
Router(config-ephone)#button 1:3
Router(config-ephone)#
Router(config-ephone)#
%IPPHONE-6-REGISTER: ephone-3 IP:192.168.20.2 Socket:2 DeviceType:Phone has registered.

Router(config-ephone)#ephone 4
Router(config-ephone)#type 7960
Router(config-ephone)#button 1:4
Router(config-ephone)#
%IPPHONE-6-REGISTER: ephone-4 IP:192.168.20.5 Socket:2 DeviceType:Phone has registered.

Router(config-ephone)#ephone 5
Router(config-ephone)#button 1:5
Router(config-ephone)#button 1:5
%IPPHONE-6-REGISTER: ephone-5 IP:192.168.20.7 Socket:2 DeviceType:Phone has reephone 5
Router(config-ephone)#type 7960
Router(config-ephone)#ephone 6
Router(config-ephone)#type 7960
Router(config-ephone)#button 1:6
Router(config-ephone)#
%IPPHONE-6-REGISTER: ephone-6 IP:192.168.20.6 Socket:2 DeviceType:Phone has registered.

Router(config-ephone)#ephone 7
Router(config-ephone)#type 7960
Router(config-ephone)#button 1:7
Router(config-ephone)#
%IPPHONE-6-REGISTER: ephone-7 IP:192.168.20.8 Socket:2 DeviceType:Phone has registered.

Router(config-ephone)#ephone 8
Router(config-ephone)#type 7960
Router(config-ephone)#button 1:8
Need to configure ephone mac address or VM station-id
Router(config-ephone)#

Router(config-ephone)#

Klik PC/Laptop, klik Desktop, pilih IP Configuration, lalu kita klik DHCP,

Di DHCP mendapatkan IP DHCP secara otomatis pada semua PC/Laptop.

Pengujian

Untuk mengetest lakukan lah panggilan, Untuk melakukan panggilan dari IP Phone, klik pada salah satu IP Phone, kemudian buka mode GUI dan masukan nomor telepon yang dituju dan tekan enter atau klik pada gagang telpon dan telpon dengan nomor yang dituju akan mulai menyala dan berdering.

Kesimpulan

Dalam menggunkan VOIP ini kita bisa melakukan panggilan Telephone yang berbeda vlan dalam satu jaringan.

Sekian dari saya

Wasallam'mualikum wr.wb.